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Association Agreements - Originally agreements between the EC and European states which at the time had not rejected the future possibility of applying for EC membership. They involve reciprocal arrangements for imports and exports within a customs union. Agreements are supervised by an Association Council representing both parties. The similar agreements with Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htm Related Terms: Association Agreements - international | trade | Basket of Currencies - Those currencies which together determine the value of the European Currency Unit (ECU). Each currency in the basket is weighted according to its country's gross national product (GNP), trade, and short-term credit quotas. Part of the European Monetary System (EMS), full participation in the basket was regarded as an Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Basket of Currencies - international | trade | Budget (1) - Originally financed by contributions from the Member States, but after 1975 by a system of EC own resources, but these were not formally recognized until the Treaty on European Union. Budget revenue comes from several sources: levies on food imports into the EC; customs duties on non-agricultural imports; a Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Budget (1) - international | trade | CADDIA - See Cooperation in Automation of Data and Documentation for Imports/Exports and Agriculture. Acronym: CADDIA Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: CADDIA - international | trade | Cooperation in Automation of Data and Documentation for Imports/Exports and Agriculture | Cassis de Dijon - A 1979 ruling (Rewe-Zentral AG v. Bundesmonopolverwaltung fr Branntwein) by the Court of Justice that where a product is manufactured and legally on sale in one Member State, another Member State cannot prohibit its import and sale, except on the grounds that it constitutes a risk to public health. Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Cassis de Dijon - international | trade | CHIEF - See Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight. Acronym: CHIEF Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: CHIEF - international | trade | Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight | Common Agricultural Policy - Originally created with three main components: a single market for agricultural products, with common prices; a common external tariff (CET) on agricultural imports; and common financial responsibility. Its core is the guaranteed price system and the intervention (where food surpluses occur) system, administered by the European Agricultural Guidance and Acronym: CAP Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Common Agricultural Policy - international | trade | Community Preference - The situation in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) when the price of domestic farm products falls below that of imported produce. Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Community Preference - international | trade | Cooperation in Automation of Data and Documentation for Imports/Exports and Agriculture - An electronic information structure for the collection, storage, transmission and exchange of information, using new developments in information technology and telecommunications. Acronym: CADDIA Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Cooperation in Automation of Data and Documentation for Imports/Exports and Agriculture - international | trade | Customs - A duty or tax paid on imported or exported goods; the process of inspecting imported or exported goods to determine if and how much duty is required; or an agency that performs customs duties.Related Terms: Customs - duty | export | import | international | tax | Customs Duties - Taxes collected by states upon imports to their territory. Abolished within the EC, they have been retained at EC external borders as a common external tariff (CET) and are regarded as EC own resources. Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Customs Duties - international | trade | Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight - A computerized system for handling the tranport of freight into and across the EC, in operation in 1991. Acronym: CHIEF Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight - international | trade | Duty - The tax paid on imported goods.Related Terms: Duty - ad valorem | duty drawback | goods | import | tax | Electronic Funds Transfer (2) - EFT is a technology (one of the electronic commerce technologies) that allows the transfer of funds from the bank account of one person or organization to that of another. EFT is also used to refer to the action of using this technology. It is an important addition in the Acronym: EFT Reference: ECRC University of Scranton / Defense Logistics AgencyRelated Terms: Electronic Funds Transfer (2) - commerce | data | electronic commerce | electronic data interchange | financial | interchange | trade | Energy Policy - First elaborated in a programme in 1974. A 1986 revision set priority targets through to 1995 on the levels of consumption, oil imports, nuclear energy, and the development of alternative energy sources. A European Energy Charter was signed in 1991. Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Energy Policy - international | trade | General Affairs Council - The regular meetings of the national Foreign Ministers, the most important sessions of the Council of Ministers. Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: General Affairs Council - international | trade | Harmonized System - An international classification system for import and export commodities.Related Terms: Harmonized System - commodities | commodity | export | import | Management Committees - Agencies within the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), one for each product, which advise the Commission on a uniform application of EC legislation and on fixing levels of export refunds and import levies. Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Management Committees - international | trade | Montant Forfaitaire - The amount by which the levy on imports from one Member State to another was reduced to give EC producers and suppliers an advantage over those from outside the EC. Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Montant Forfaitaire - international | trade | National Institute of Standards and Technology - Created in 1901 as the National Bureau of Standards and renamed in 1988, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) works to strengthen U.S. industry's international competitiveness, advance science, and improve public health, safety and the environment. NIST conducts science and engineering research in commercially important fields such Acronym: NIST Reference: ECRC University of Scranton / Defense Logistics Agency Sharon J Kemmerer Department of Commerce, United States Government "CALS Testing Programs, Status and Strategy" October 1992Related Terms: National Institute of Standards and Technology - business | government | industry | international | standard | technology | trade | Own Resources - The possession by the EC of financial resources which belong to them as of right, consisting of customs duties, levies on agricultural imports, and a proportion of the value-added tax (VAT) levied by the Member States. Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Own Resources - international | trade | Reference Price - The average price calculated from the market prices for food and vegetables in each Member State, used to determine whether a levy should be imposed upon agricultural imports into the EC. Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Reference Price - international | trade | Single Administrative Document - A 1988 document replacing the several import/export forms and transit documents previously necessary for drivers of commercial vehicles to cross internal EC borders. Acronym: SAD Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Single Administrative Document - international | trade | SIP - Sectoral Import Programme, technical assistance to smaller enterprises within Operation PHARE. Acronym: SIP Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: SIP - international | trade | Sluicegate Price - Similar to the threshold price, but applying to eggs, pigmeat and poultry. Imports to the EC of these products are liable to a levy to raise them to the level of the sluicegate price. Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Sluicegate Price - international | trade | Treaty of Rome - The 1957 document establishing the European Economic Community, and the most important of the founding treaties. Reference: Professor Derek Urwin, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K., http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~pol028/index.htmRelated Terms: Treaty of Rome - international | trade |
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WWW Virtual Library of Logistics Ver 4, Sep, 1999, Matthew D. Cox, logistics@logisticsworld.com Sponsored by LogisticsWorld. Copyright 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 MDC, All rights reserved. |